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J .0. JAMIN. Electric Lamp 'z'inzsses, J v9 cywvm @M Patented Sept. 28,I880.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFIQEC JULES O. JAMIN, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 232,610, datedSeptember 28, 1880. Application filed July 1,1880. tNomodel.) Patentedin France March 30, 1880.

l 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1', J ULES OELEsTIN JAMIN, of Paris, France, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in the Production ofElectric Light, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more particularly to improvements in the electriclamp in which the voltaic are between the carbons is controlled by adirecting body or circuit, as described in Letters Patent No.2l8,749,granted to Inc August 19, 1879.

The object of the invention is to place in the same apparatus a numberof burners,whieh are lighted in succession.

The invention and the manner of carrying the same into effect will bereadily understood from the following description, in connection withthe accompanying drawings, which form. a part of this specification.

Figures 1, 2, and 3 show, in elevation, section, and plan, respectively,a lamp with three burners or pairs of carbons constructed in accordancewith this invention. Fig. at is a diagram illustrating an apparatuswhich is or may be used with each lamp in the circuit, to render itindependent of the others.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, G is the directing body or circuit,connected at F H with the base or supportingpiece O, and Y Y theburners. All the right-hand carbons Y are connected with a piece ofcopper, N, fixed to the supporting-piece, which is made of porcelain,marble, or other suitable material. They are insert-ed in tubes a,jointed at b, and each acted upon by a steel spring, 1', which tends toseparate the two carbons of the same burner. The movement of theright-hand carbons is prevented by stops 0, formed of horizontal brassWires fixed in supports d, against which the carbons bear near theirpoint of connection with the tubes to. When the arc reaches a point onany of the carbons opposite a the stop is consumed and the tube a isfree to yield to the action of the spring r.

The left-hand carbons Y are insertedin tubes 6, supported on fixedpivots at 0, and having their upper ends jointed to a rod, f, theposition of which is controlled by the armature h of the electro-magnetT through the lever g. The latter is jointed at the lower end to thebarf, and at the upper end is forked and pivoted to a part of the magnetT, while at anintermediate point the armature h is attached by one end.The magnet is formed byacurved piece of soft iron, in which the wires ofthe directing body or circuit G are inclosed. In order to increase themagnetic effect there are or may be, lengthwise of the armature, one ormore turns of the directing circuit or wire. So long as the current isinterrupted the armor ture remains away from the magnet, and the arm fbeing drawn to the left, the carbons Y make contact, at their outerends, with the carbons Y. As soon as the current passes, the armature ILis attracted by the magnet, and the arm f being moved to the right, thecarbons Y are drawn away from the carbons Y, and all the arcs tend tolight at the same time. One only persists. It is the one between thecarbons that remain longest in contact. This are continues until thecarbons are consumed to thepoint 0, when, the stop-wire beingburned, thecarbon Y is released, and, under the action of its spring, is movedquickly to the right and the arc is extinguished. At the same time thecurrent is interrupted the armature it drops, the unconsumed carbonsagain make contact, and the arc glows between a fresh pair of carbonswithout any permanent interruption of the current, and without the otherlamps being affected. This disposition, ofwhich alargennmber ofmodifications and variations are possible, permits the placing in thesame directing body orcircuit, and in the same plane with it, three ormore pairs of carbons, so that when the circuit is closed one of them islit, burns to the end, and then when it is consumed is extinguishedautomatically without the aid of a superintendent, and replaced by afresh pair, which, in their turn, are consumed, extinguished, andreplaced by another pair, the neighboring lamps in the same circuit notbeing aifected by the operations.

The magnet formed by the curved piece of soft iron inclosingthe wires ofthe directing-' circuit can be also used to separate the movable fromthe stationary carbons when there is only one or two burners in theapparatus. The carbons can,- if desired, be fed downward by a weight andclock-work.

In the same circuit there are generally placed a number of lamps. Ifsimply connected in the circuit they will all be extinguishedby anaccident happening to one. By means of the apparatus shown in Fig. 4:they can be rendered independent. Apparatus of this general descriptionhas, however, been heretofore used with other lamps'for the samepurpose. The current, before entering one of the lamps, passes throughan electro-magnet, Q, provided with an armature, k, which is attractedwhenever the circuit is closed. The circuit is dL vided at B, one partleading'throngh the coils of magnet Q, and lamp L, and continuing towardS, the other passing by the armature 7s and back contact U to S, whereit unites with the first. The current arriving at R is, of course,divided, part passing through the lamp and the rest by the route R It US, in which a suitable resistanceis placed. If the lamp burns thearmature 7c is attracted and opens the branch R k U S, so that theentire current passes through the lamp. If the lamp will not burn, or ifan accident happens to it so that the circuit is broken, th en thearmature 70 drops to its back contact and the current passes by thebranch through the armature. This disposition renders the several lampsindependent of one another, and allows the current to pass through allof them except those which have been injured or accidentallyextinguished.

Having now t'ully'explained the said invention and the manner in whichthe same is or may be carried into effect, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with the directing-circuit and supports or holdersfor a pair of carbons, one of said supports or holders being movable, ofa body or curved piece of soft iron disposed substantially as described,so as to be rendered magnetic by the passage of a current through saiddirecting-circuit and connected with said movable carbon or support, asset forth.

2. The combination, in the same directingcircuit, of two or more pairsof carbons and mechanism for lighting said pairs of carbons insuccession, operated by an electro-magnet of which the inducing-wiresare formed by or connected with the directing-circuit, substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination, with a pivoted carbonholder and a spring, of a stopfor retaining said holder against the action of the spring by contactwith a carbon in said holder, substantially as described.

4. The combination, with two or more pairs of pivoted carbon-holders anda spring and stop for one of each pair, of an electro-magnet connectedwith and arranged to move simultaneously the other holder of each pair,substantially as described.

5. In an electric lamp having a directingcircuit, an electro-magnetformed by a curved piece of soft iron inclosing the wires of saidcircuit, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

J. O. JAMIN.

Witnesses:

GEO. H. ScIDMoRE, (3H. MARDELET.

